ارایه چارچوبی جهت ارزیابی تهدیدهای امنیت سایبری و حریم خصوصی و بررسی تأثیر آنها بر عملکرد شهر هوشمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه فناوری اطلاعات، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

امروزه جهان در حال تجربه تکامل شهرهای هوشمند است. پیدایش چنین شهرهایی برگرفته از کاربست نوآوری در فناوری اطلاعات بوده که علیرغم خلق فرصتهای اقتصادی و اجتماعی متعدد، شهروندان را با تهدیدهایی در زمینه امنیت سایبری و حریم خصوصی مواجه ساخته است. گذار موفقیت آمیز شهرها به سوی شهر هوشمند و عملکرد مطلوب شهرهای هوشمند منوط بر آگاهی از این تهدیدها و میزان اثرگذاری آنها است. هدف از این پژوهش، ارایه چارچوبی جهت شناسایی و ارزیابی تهدیدهای امنیت سایبری و حریم خصوصی و بررسی تأثیر آنها بر عملکرد شهر هوشمند در یک شهر است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از جنبه شیوه گردآوری دادهها، توصیفی-پیمایشی میباشد. در پژوهش حاضر، این تهدیدها با مطالعات عمیق کتابخانهای و نیز نظرسنجی از طریق پرسشنامههای محقق ساخته به روش دلفی فازی از صاحبنظران دانشگاهی و خبرگان سازمانهای متولی که به شیوه هدفمند قضاوتی انتخاب شدند، شناسایی شده و درجه اهمیت هریک از آنها به روش تصمیمگیری چندمعیاره بهترین-بدترین فازی تعیین گردید. در ادامه با استناد بر مفاهیم و نظریات حاکم بر شهرهوشمند، عملکرد آن شهر در گذار به سوی شهر هوشمند بر پایه پنج مولفه زیرساخت، حاکمیت، اقتصاد، مردم و محیطزیست هوشمند تبیین گردیده و آزمون فرضیههای مرتبط با تأثیر تهدیدهای مذکور بر عملکرد شهر هوشمند با رویکرد مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری مبتنی بر روش حداقل مربعات جزئی انجام گرفت. یافتههای این پژوهش حاکی از شناسایی 11 تهدید امنیت سایبری و 10 چالش حریم خصوصی در هوشمندسازی آن شهر بود که در میان آنها سه تهدید «چالش قانونگذاری»، «فقدان ارتباط امن» و «APIها و پروتکلهای ناامن» به عنوان کلیدیترین تهدیدها تعیین شدند. همچنین آزمون مدل برازشیافته و فرضیههای پژوهش حاکی از وجود رابطه منفی و معنیدار میان متغیرهای تهدیدهای امنیت سایبری و چالشهای حریم خصوصی با متغیر عملکرد شهر هوشمند و نیز رابطه مثبت و معنیدار تهدیدهای امنیت سایبری بر چالشهای حریم خصوصی در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد بود. باتوجه به مقدار ضریب تعیین R2، ملاحظه شد که متغیرهای تهدیدهای امنیت سایبری و چالشهای حریم خصوصی در مجموع، 2/77 درصد از تغییرات مربوط به متغیر عملکرد شهر هوشمند را پیشبینی کردهاند که رقم قابل توجهی بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A framework for assessing cyber security and privacy threats and investigating their impact on smart city performance

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nazila Seddighi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Sanaei 2
  • Reza Ehtesham Rasi 3
1 PhD student, Department of Information Technology Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, the world is experiencing the evolution of smart cities. The emergence of such cities stems from the application of information technology innovation, which, despite the creation of numerous economic and social opportunities, has posed citizens with cyber security and privacy threats. The successful transition of cities to smart cities and the optimal performance of smart cities depends on the awareness of these threats and their effectiveness. This study aims to provide a framework for identifying and evaluating cyber security and privacy threats and examining their impact on smart city performance in city. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of the data collection method. In this study, these threats have been identified through in-depth library studies as well as surveys through researcher-made questionnaires using fuzzy Delphi method from academic experts and relevant officials that were selected by purposeful manner and the importance of each threat has been determined using the fuzzy Best-Worst Multi-Criteria method. Then, according to the smart city concepts and theories, the performance of city in the transition to a smart city is described based on five components as smart infrastructure, governance, economy, people, and environment. After that, the hypotheses, described on the impact of these threats on the performance of smart city, have been tested using the Structural Equations Modeling based on Partial Least Squares method. The findings indicated that 11 cyber security threats and 10 privacy challenges existed in the smart city, among which three threats as Legislative challenge, Lack of secure communication, and Insecure APIs and protocols were specified as the key threats. Furthermore, analyzing the fitted model and research hypotheses showed a negative and significant relationship between the variables of cyber security threats and privacy challenges with the smart city performance and a positive and significant relationship between cyber security threats and privacy challenges at a 95% confidence level. Considering the value of the R2 coefficient, it was observed that the variables of cyber security threats and privacy challenges in total, predicted 72.7% of the changes related to the performance variable of smart city, which was remarkable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Smart city
  • cyber security and privacy threats
  • fuzzy Delphi method
  • Fuzzy Best-Worst Multi-Criteria method
  • Structural Equation Modelling
  • Partial Least Squares approach

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دوره 10، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 39
شماره پیاپی 39، فصلنامه پاییز
دی 1401
صفحه 77-91
  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 دی 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 دی 1400
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1401