چارچوب ارزش‌گذاری اقدامات بدافزارها و مقابله‌کنندگان با رویکرد تحلیل مبتنی بر نظریه‌بازی مطالعه موردی: اقدامات بازیگران بر اساس شواهد محیطی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، دانشکده کامپیوتر و قدرت سایبری، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده کامپیوتر و قدرت سایبری، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

یکی از تهدیدهای جدی فضای سایبری، بدافزارها، با بازیگران متعدد و اهداف متنوع هستند. در سامانه‌های تحلیلی بدافزاری، گستردگی اقدامات بدافزارها و مقابله‌کنندگان، ارزش‌گذاری اقدامات بازیگران و استخراج اقدامات اثرگذار بازیگران از چالش‌های مهم است. در این مقاله، چارچوبی چهار لایه جهت استخراج اقدامات اثرگذار بازیگران حوزه‌ی بدافزار با رویکرد نظریه‌ی بازی ارائه‌ شده است. در لایه‌ی اول بر اساس شواهد محیطی، اقدامات مهاجم و مدافع و پارامترهای آن‌ها تعریف و تعیین گردید؛ در لایه‌ی دوم، فعالیت‌های بازیگران مبتنی بر تکنیک‌های انتزاع‌سازی بر اساس اقدامات استخراج شد. در لایه‌ی سوم و چهارم مبتنی بر نظریه‌ی بازی، فعالیت‌های بازیگران به‌صورت سناریومحور، مدل‌سازی و تحلیل شد و گزینه‌های تأثیرگذار بازیگران و وضعیت‌های تعادلی مطلوب بازی‌ها بر اساس 13 معیار تعریف‌شده، استخراج گردید. چارچوب پیشنهادی، بر اساس یک مطالعه موردی شامل 12 فعالیت مهاجم و 12 فعالیت مدافع در قالب سه بازی، مدل‌سازی و ارزیابی شد؛ فعالیت‌های بازیگران از اقدامات آن‌ها استخراج ‌شده است. نتایج نشان داد فعالیت‌های تأثیرگذار مهاجم و مدافع به ترتیب 3 و 2 فعالیت هستند و میزان مشارکت این فعالیت‌ها در وضعیت‌های تعادلی پایه و مطلوب به ترتیب ۸۳ و ۱۰۰ درصد بوده است. کاهش فضای حالت بازی، ارزش‌گذاری اقدامات و استخراج اقدامات مؤثر و وضعیت‌های تعادلی مطلوب بازیگران از مزایای چارچوب پیشنهادی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Framework for Evaluating Malware and Countermeasures with an Analytical Approach based on the Game Theory Case Study: Actors' Actions Based on Environmental Evidence

نویسندگان [English]

  • mostafa abbasi 1
  • Majid Ghayoori 2
1 Instructor, Faculty of Computer and Cyber Power, Imam Hossein University (AS), Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Computer and Cyber Power, Imam Hossein University (AS), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the most serious threats to the cyberspace is malware, with multiple actors and diverse targets. Among the most important challenges in malware analysis systems, are the extent of malware and countermeasure actions, action evaluation of the actors, and extraction of the effective actions of actors. In this paper, a four-layer framework for extracting the effective actions of malware actors with a game theory approach is presented. In the first layer, based on environmental evidence, the actions of the attacker and the defender and their parameters are defined and determined; in the second layer, the activities of the actors are extracted based on the abstraction techniques implemented on the actions. In the third and fourth layers, the activities of the actors are modeled and analyzed in a scenario-centric approach based on the game theory. The effective options of the actors and the optimal equilibrium states of the games are extracted based on 13 defined measures. The proposed framework is modeled and evaluated based on a case study involving 12 offensive and 12 defensive activities in three games; the activities of the actors are extracted from their actions. The results show the effective activities of the attacker and the defender to be 3 and 2 activities, respectively, while the participation rate of these activities in the basic and optimal equilibrium states are 83% and 100%, respectively. Reducing the game space, evaluating actions, and extracting effective actions and optimal equilibrium states of the actors are some of the benefits of the proposed framework.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Malware Analysis
  • Countermeasure Action
  • Action Abstraction
  • Environmental Evidence
  • Game Theory
  • Graph Model

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دوره 10، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 37
شماره پیاپی 37، فصلنامه بهار
خرداد 1401
صفحه 47-71
  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 22 مرداد 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 آذر 1400
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 خرداد 1401