کاهش اثر تداخل در گیرنده GPS با بکارگیری چند همبسته ساز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی برق، دانشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی برق، دانشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشکده فناوری های نوین، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از سامانه موقعیت­یابیجهانی(GPS)در سامانه­های فوق خودکار،روزبه‌روز رو به افزایشاست و لذا مسئله امنیت این سامانه­ها بسیار حائز اهمیت می­باشد.یک خطر بزرگ در تخمین موقعیت توسط GPS،حمله فریباست. فریبنده سیگنال ماهواره را جعل می­کند تا گیرنده را مجبور به تخمین اشتباه موقعیت نماید. تحقیقات بسیاری بر روی آشکارسازی و کاهش فریب در گیرندهGPSتمرکز دارند.در این مقاله،به­کارگیریمعماری چند همبسته­ساز مبتنی بر شبکه عصبی جهت مقابله با حمله فریب پیشنهاد شده است. حمله فریب با سازوکار ترکیب و تأخیر بر مبنای یک سیگنال واقعی GPS ساخته شده است. نتایج شبیه­سازی­های انجام شده در گیرنده نرم‌افزاری، حاکی از مؤثر بودن راهکار پیشنهادی در جهت کاهش حمله فریب می­باشد. با مورد مطالعه قرار دادن سه سناریو فریب عملی، روش پیشنهادی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت و نتایج حاصله نشان می­دهند که میزان کاهش خطای فریب با به­کارگیری این روش، 42/88% می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


[1]  K. D. Wesson, J. N. Gross, T. E. Humphreys and B. L. Evans, “GNSS Signal Authentication Via Power and Distortion Monitoring,” in IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 739-754, April 2018.##
[2] M. Moazedi, M. R. Mosavi, and A. Sadr, “Real-time interference detection in tracking loop of GPS receiver,” Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 194-204, 2017.##
[3]P. Teymouri, M. Mosavi, and M. Moazedi, “Delay Spoofing Reduction in GPS Navigation System based on Time and Transform Domain Adaptive Filtering,” Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 222-235, 2018.##
[4] M. R. Mosavi, M. Moazedi, M. J. Rezaei, and A. tabatabaei, “Interference Mitigation in GPS Receivers,” Iran University of Science and Technology Publications, 2015.##
[5]M. Moazedi, M. Mosavi, Z. Nasrpooya, and A. Sadr, “GPS Spoofing Mitigation using Adaptive Estimator in Tracking Loop,” Journal of Electronical & Cyber Defence, vol. 6, no. 3, 2018.(In Persian)##
[6]F. Dovis, “GNSS Interference Threats andCountermeasures,” Artech House, 2015.##
[7] A. Jafarnia-Jahromi, A. Broumandan, J. Nielsen, and G. Lachapelle, “GPS Vulnerability to Spoofing Threats and a Review of Antispoofing Techniques,” Int. J. Navig. Obs., vol. 2012, 2012.##
[8]D. Borio, F. Dovis, H. Kuusniemi, and L. L. Presti, “Impact and Detection of GNSS Jammers on Consumer Grade Satellite Navigation Receivers,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 104, no. 6, pp. 1233-1245, 2016.##
[9]B. Xu, Q. Jia, and L. T. Hsu, “Vector Tracking Loop-Based GNSS NLOS Detection and Correction: Algorithm Design and Performance Analysis,” IEEE Trans Instrum Meas, vol. 69, no. 7, pp. 4604-4619, 2019.##
[10] T. E. Humphreys, B. M. Ledvina, M. L. Psiaki, B. W. O'Hanlon, and P. M. Kintner, “Assessing the Spoofing Threat: Development of a Portable GPS Civilian Spoofer,” in Radionavigation Laboratory Conference Proceedings, 2008.##
[11] A. Jafarnia Jahromi, A. Broumandan, J. Nielsen, and G. Lachapelle, “GPS Spoofer Countermeasure Effectiveness Based on Signal Strength, Noise Power and C/N0 Measurements,” Int. J. Satell. Commun. Netw, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 181-191, 2012.##
[12]J. Nielsen, V. Dehghanian, and G. Lachapelle, “Efectiveness of GNSS Spoofng Countermeasure Based on Receiver CNR Measurements,” Int. J. Navig. Obs., vol. 2012, pp. 1-9, 2012.##
[13] S. Lo, D. De Lorenzo, P. Enge, D. Akos, and P. Bradley, “Signal Authentication: A secure Civil GNSS for Today,” Inside GNSS, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 30-39, 2009.##
[14]S. C. Lo and P. K. Enge, “Authenticating Aviation Augmentation System Broadcasts,” in IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium, Indian Wells, CA, 2010.##
 [15] S. Daneshmand, A. Jafarnia-Jahromi, A. Broumandan, and G. Lachapelle, “A low-Complexity GPS Anti-Spoofing Method Using a Multi-Antenna Array,” Proceedings of the 25th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2012), pp. 1233-1243, 2012.##
[16] J. Nielsen, A. Broumandan, and G. Lachapelle, “GNSS Spoofing Detection for Single Antenna Handheld Receivers,” Navigation, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 335-344, 2011.##
[17] J. Nielsen, A. Broumandan, and G. Lachapelle, “Spoofing Detection and Mitigation with a Moving Handheld Receiver,” GPS world, vol. 21, no. 9, pp. 27-33, 2010.##
[18]P. Y. Montgomery, “Receiver-Autonomous Spoofing Detection: Experimental Results of a Multi-Antenna Receiver Defense against a Portable Civil GPS Spoofer,” in Radionavigation Laboratory Conference Proceedings, 2011.##
[19] K. D. Wesson, D. P. Shepard, J. A. Bhatti, and T. E. Humphreys, “An Evaluation of the Vestigial Signal Defense for Civil GPS Anti-Spoofing,” in Radionavigation Laboratory Conference Proceedings, 2011.##
[20] P. Daniel and E. Todd, “Characterization of Receiver Response to Spoofing Attacks,” Proceedings of the 24th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2011), Portland, pp. 2608-2618, 2011.##
[21] M. Pini, M. Fantino, A. Cavaleri, S. Ugazio, and L. L. Presti, “Signal Quality Monitoring Applied to Spoofing Detection,” in Proceedings of the 24th International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2011), pp. 1888-1896, 2011.##
[22] B. M. Ledvina, W. J. Bencze, B. Galusha, and I. Miller, “An In-line Anti-spoofing Device for Legacy Civil GPS Receivers,” in Proceedings of the 2010 International Technical Meeting of the Institute of Navigation, pp. 698-712, 2010.##
[23] A. Cavaleri, B. Motella, M. Pini, and M. Fantino, “Detection of Spoofed GPS Signals at Code and Carrier Tracking Level,” in 2010 5th IEEE ESA Workshop on Satellite Navigation Technologies and European Workshop on GNSS Signals and Signal Processing (NAVITEC), pp. 1-6, 2010.##
[24] A. Broumandan, A. Jafarnia-Jahromi, and G. Lachapelle, “Spoofing Detection, Classification and Cancelation (SDCC) Receiver Architecture for a Moving GNSS Receiver,” GPS Solut., vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 475-487, 2015.##
[25] A. Baziar, M. Mosavi, and M. Moazedi, “Spoofing Mitigation Using Double Stationary Wavelet Transform in Civil GPS Receivers,” Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 109, no. 3, pp. 1827-1844, 2019.##
[26] M. Mosavi, R. Zebarjad, and M. Moazedi, “Novel Anti-spoofing Methods Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform in the Acquisition and Tracking Stages of Civil GPS Receiver,” Int. J. Navig. Obs., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 449-460, 2018.##
[27] Y. Guo, L. Miao, and X. Zhang, “Spoofing Detection and Mitigation in a Multi-correlator GPS Receiver Based on the Maximum Likelihood Principle,” Sensors, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 37, 2019.##
[28] J.N. Gross, C. Kilic, and T.E. Humphreys, “Maximum-likelihood Power-distortion Monitoring for GNSS-signal Authentication,” IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 469-475, 2019.##
 [29]E. Shafiee, M. Mosavi, and M. Moazedi, “Detection of Spoofing Attack Using Machine Learning based on Multi-layer Neural Network in Single-frequency GPS Receivers,” Journal of Navigation, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 169-188, 2018.##
 [30] S. Tohidi and M. R. Mosavi, “Effective Detection of GNSS Spoofing Attack Using A Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network Classifier Trained by PSO,” 2020 25th International Computer Conference, Computer Society of Iran (CSICC), Tehran, Iran, pp. 1-5, 2020.##
[31] S. Semanjski, I. Semanjski, W. De Wilde, and A. Muls, “Use of Supervised Machine Learning for GNSS Signal Spoofing Detection with Validation on Real-world Meaconing and Spoofing Data—part I,” Sensors, vol. 20, no. 4, 2020.##
[32]  P. Borhani Daria, H. LI , P. Wu, and P. Closas“. Deep Neural Network Approach to Detect GNSS Spoofing Attacks,” Proc. ION GNSS, 3241-3252, September 21-25, 2020.##